Living with Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis and a Dilated Left Atrium

Rheumatic mitral stenosis is a serious heart condition that affects millions worldwide. It occurs when the mitral valve, which regulates blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle, becomes narrowed due to rheumatic fever. This narrowing obstructs blood flow, causing the left atrium to dilate or enlarge. Above Video is showing Rheumatic Mitral Valve Stenosis with dilated LA.

Symptoms

People with rheumatic mitral stenosis and a dilated left atrium may experience:

- Shortness of breath (dyspnea) during physical activity or at rest
- Fatigue and weakness
- Swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet (edema)
- Palpitations or irregular heartbeats
- Coughing up blood or pink, frothy mucus

Diagnosis

Diagnosing rheumatic mitral stenosis involves:

- Physical examination and medical history
- Echocardiogram (ultrasound of the heart) to visualize the mitral valve and left atrium
- Electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess heart rhythm
- Chest X-ray to evaluate lung congestion

Treatment

Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, preventing complications, and repairing or replacing the damaged mitral valve:

- Medications to control symptoms, such as diuretics, beta blockers, and anticoagulants
- Balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) to widen the narrowed valve
- Surgical mitral valve repair or replacement
- Anticoagulation therapy to prevent stroke

Lifestyle Changes

Making healthy lifestyle choices can help manage rheumatic mitral stenosis:

- Regular exercise, such as walking or swimming, to improve cardiovascular health
- A balanced diet low in salt, sugar, and unhealthy fats
- Stress reduction techniques, such as meditation or yoga
- Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption
- Regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider

Prognosis

With proper treatment and lifestyle changes, people with rheumatic mitral stenosis can lead active and fulfilling lives. However, if left untreated, the condition can lead to serious complications, such as:

- Heart failure
- Stroke
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Atrial fibrillation

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to managing rheumatic mitral stenosis and preventing long-term damage.

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